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Robert "Bob" Gibson (born November 9, 1935) is a retired American baseball pitcher who played 17 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the St. Louis Cardinals (1959–75). Nicknamed "Gibby" and "Hoot", Gibson tallied 251 wins, 3,117 strikeouts, and a 2.91 earned run average (ERA) during his career. A nine-time All-Star and two-time World Series champion, he won two Cy Young Awards and the 1968 National League (NL) Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award. In 1981, he was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in his first year of eligibility. The Cardinals retired his uniform number 45 in September 1975 and inducted him into the team Hall of Fame in 2014. Born in Omaha, Nebraska, Gibson overcame childhood illness to excel in youth sports, particularly basketball and baseball. After briefly playing under contract to both the basketball Harlem Globetrotters team and the St. Louis Cardinals organization, Gibson decided to continue playing only baseball professionally. Once becoming a full-time starting pitcher in July 1961, Gibson began experiencing an increasing level of success, earning his first All-Star appearance in 1962. Gibson won two of three games he pitched in the 1964 World Series, then won 20 games in a season for the first time in 1965. Gibson also pitched three complete game victories in the 1967 World Series. The pinnacle of Gibson's career was 1968, when he posted a 1.12 ERA for the season and then followed that by recording 17 strikeouts during Game 1 of the 1968 World Series. Over the course of his career, Gibson became known for his fierce competitive nature and the intimidation factor he used against opposing batters. Gibson threw a no-hitter during the 1971 season, but began experiencing swelling in his knee in subsequent seasons. After retiring as a player in 1975, Gibson later served as pitching coach for his former teammate Joe Torre. At one time a special instructor coach for the St. Louis Cardinals, Gibson was later selected for the Major League Baseball All-Century Team in 1999. Gibson is the author of the memoir ''Pitch by Pitch'', with Lonnie Wheeler (Flatiron Books, 2015). ==Early life== Gibson was born in Omaha, Nebraska, the last of Pack and Victoria Gibson's seven children (five boys and two girls).〔Gibson and Wheeler 1994: 11, 14〕〔Halberstam 1994: 98〕 Gibson's father died of tuberculosis three months prior to Gibson's birth, and Gibson himself was named Pack Robert Gibson in his father's honor.〔〔Gibson and Wheeler 1994: 11〕 While he revered his father's legacy, Gibson disliked the name Pack, and later changed his first name to Robert.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Bob Gibson )〕 Despite a childhood that included health problems like rickets, and a serious case of either asthma or pneumonia when he was three, Gibson was active in sports in both informal and organized settings, particularly baseball and basketball.〔Gibson and Wheeler 1994: 12〕 Gibson's brother Josh (no relation to the Negro Leagues star player), who was 15 years his senior, had a profound impact on his early life, serving as a mentor to him.〔Gibson and Wheeler 1994: 12–15〕 Gibson played on a number of youth basketball and baseball teams his brother coached, many of which were organized through the local YMCA.〔Gibson and Wheeler 1994: 15–19〕 Gibson attended Omaha Technical High School, where during his tenure he participated on the track, basketball, and baseball teams.〔Gibson and Wheeler 1994: 20–23〕 Health issues resurfaced for Gibson though, and he needed a doctor's permission to compete in high school sports because of a heart murmur that occurred in tandem with a rapid growth spurt.〔Reidenbaugh 1993: 106〕 Gibson was named to the All-State basketball team during his senior year of high school by a newspaper in Lincoln, Nebraska, and soon after won a full athletic scholarship for basketball to Creighton University.〔Gibson and Wheeler 1994: 23, 32〕 While at Creighton, Gibson majored in sociology, and continued to experience success playing basketball. At the end of Gibson's junior basketball season he averaged 22 points per game, and made third team Jesuit All-American.〔Gibson and Wheeler 1994: 36–37〕 As his graduation from Creighton approached, the spring of 1957 proved to be a busy time for Gibson. Aside from getting married, Gibson had garnered the interest of Harlem Globetrotters basketball team and the St. Louis Cardinals baseball team.〔Gibson and Wheeler 1994: 40–43〕 In 1957, Gibson received a $3,000 bonus to sign with the Cardinals.〔 He delayed his start with the organization for a year, playing basketball with the Harlem Globetrotters,〔(Bob Gibson at the Baseball Page )〕 earning the nickname "Bullet" and becoming famous for backhanded dunks. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bob Gibson」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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